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Database Scheduled Snapshots

This tutorial will show you how to use KubeDB to take scheduled snapshot of a MongoDB database.

Before You Begin

At first, you need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using Minikube.

Now, install KubeDB cli on your workstation and KubeDB operator in your cluster following the steps here.

To keep things isolated, this tutorial uses a separate namespace called demo throughout this tutorial. Run the following command to prepare your cluster for this tutorial:

$ kubectl create ns demo
namespace "demo" created

$ kubectl get ns
NAME          STATUS    AGE
default       Active    1h
demo          Active    1m
kube-public   Active    1h
kube-system   Active    1h

Note that the yaml files that are used in this tutorial, stored in docs/examples folder in GitHub repository kubedb/cli.

Scheduled Backups

KubeDB supports taking periodic backups for a database using a cron expression. KubeDB operator will launch a Job periodically that runs the mongodump command and uploads the output bson file to various cloud providers S3, GCS, Azure, OpenStack Swift and/or locally mounted volumes using osm.

In this tutorial, snapshots will be stored in a Google Cloud Storage (GCS) bucket. To do so, a secret is needed that has the following 2 keys:

KeyDescription
GOOGLE_PROJECT_IDRequired. Google Cloud project ID
GOOGLE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_JSON_KEYRequired. Google Cloud service account json key
$ echo -n '<your-project-id>' > GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID
$ mv downloaded-sa-json.key > GOOGLE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_JSON_KEY
$ kubectl create secret generic mg-snap-secret -n demo \
    --from-file=./GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID \
    --from-file=./GOOGLE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_JSON_KEY
secret "mg-snap-secret" created
$ kubectl get secret mg-snap-secret -n demo -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
data:
  GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID: PHlvdXItcHJvamVjdC1pZD4=
  GOOGLE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_JSON_KEY: ewogICJ0eXBlIjogInNlcnZpY2VfYWNjb3V...9tIgp9Cg==
kind: Secret
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: 2018-02-02T10:02:09Z
  name: mg-snap-secret
  namespace: demo
  resourceVersion: "48679"
  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/demo/secrets/mg-snap-secret
  uid: 220a7c60-0800-11e8-946f-080027c05a6e
type: Opaque

To learn how to configure other storage destinations for Snapshots, please visit here. Now, create the MongoDB object with scheduled snapshot.

apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: MongoDB
metadata:
  name: mgo-scheduled
  namespace: demo
spec:
  version: "3.4"
  storage:
    storageClassName: "standard"
    accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
    resources:
      requests:
        storage: 50Mi
  init:
    scriptSource:
      gitRepo:
        repository: "https://github.com/kubedb/mongodb-init-scripts.git"
        directory: .
  backupSchedule:
    cronExpression: "@every 1m"
    storageSecretName: mg-snap-secret
    gcs:
      bucket: restic
$ kubedb create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubedb/cli/0.8.0/docs/examples/mongodb/snapshot/demo-4.yaml
mongodb "mgo-scheduled" created

It is also possible to add backup scheduler to an existing MongoDB. You just have to edit the MongoDB CRD and add below spec:

$ kubedb edit mg {db-name} -n demo
spec:
  backupSchedule:
    cronExpression: '@every 1m'
    gcs:
      bucket: restic
    storageSecretName: mg-snap-secret

Once the spec.backupSchedule is added, KubeDB operator will create a new Snapshot object on each tick of the cron expression. This triggers KubeDB operator to create a Job as it would for any regular instant backup process. You can see the snapshots as they are created using kubedb get snap command.

$ kubedb get snap -n demo
NAME                            DATABASE           STATUS      AGE
mgo-scheduled-20180202-104632   mg/mgo-scheduled   Succeeded   4m
mgo-scheduled-20180202-104737   mg/mgo-scheduled   Succeeded   3m
mgo-scheduled-20180202-104837   mg/mgo-scheduled   Succeeded   2m
mgo-scheduled-20180202-104937   mg/mgo-scheduled   Running     10s

you should see the output of the mongodump command for each snapshot stored in the GCS bucket.

snapshot-console

From the above image, you can see that the snapshot output is stored in a folder called {bucket}/kubedb/{namespace}/{mongodb-object}/{snapshot}/.

Remove Scheduler

To remove scheduler, edit the MongoDB object to remove spec.backupSchedule section.

$ kubedb edit mg mgo-scheduled -n demo
apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: MongoDB
metadata:
  name: mgo-scheduled
  namespace: demo
  ...
spec:
# backupSchedule:
#   cronExpression: '@every 1m'
#   gcs:
#     bucket: restic
#   storageSecretName: mg-snap-secret
  databaseSecret:
    secretName: mgo-scheduled-auth
  init:
    scriptSource:
      gitRepo:
        directory: .
        repository: https://github.com/kubedb/mongodb-init-scripts.git
  storage:
    accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
    resources:
      requests:
        storage: 50Mi
    storageClassName: standard
  version: 3.4
status:
  creationTime: 2018-02-02T10:46:18Z
  phase: Running

Cleaning up

To cleanup the Kubernetes resources created by this tutorial, run:

$ kubectl patch -n demo mg/mgo-scheduled -p '{"spec":{"doNotPause":false}}' --type="merge"
$ kubectl delete -n demo mg/mgo-scheduled

$ kubectl patch -n demo drmn/mgo-scheduled -p '{"spec":{"wipeOut":true}}' --type="merge"
$ kubectl delete -n demo drmn/mgo-scheduled

$ kubectl delete ns demo
namespace "demo" deleted

Next Steps