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Initialize PostgreSQL with Script

KubeDB supports PostgreSQL database initialization.

Before You Begin

At first, you need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using minikube.

Now, install KubeDB cli on your workstation and KubeDB operator in your cluster following the steps here.

To keep things isolated, this tutorial uses a separate namespace called demo throughout this tutorial.

$ kubectl create ns demo
namespace "demo" created

$ kubectl get ns demo
NAME    STATUS  AGE
demo    Active  5s

Note: Yaml files used in this tutorial are stored in docs/examples/postgres folder in github repository kubedb/cli.

This tutorial will show you how to use KubeDB to initialize a PostgreSQL database with supported script.

Create PostgreSQL with script source

PostgreSQL database can be initialized by scripts provided to it.

Following YAML describes a Postgres object that holds VolumeSource of initialization scripts.

apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: Postgres
metadata:
  name: script-postgres
  namespace: demo
spec:
  version: "9.6"
  storage:
    storageClassName: "standard"
    accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
    resources:
      requests:
        storage: 50Mi
  init:
    scriptSource:
      gitRepo:
        repository: "https://github.com/kubedb/postgres-init-scripts.git"
        directory: "."

Here,

  • init.scriptSource specifies scripts used to initialize the database when it is being created.

VolumeSource provided in init.scriptSource will be mounted in Pod and will be executed while creating PostgreSQL.

In this tutorial, data.sql script from the git repository https://github.com/kubedb/postgres-init-scripts.git is used to create a TABLE dashboard in data Schema.

Note: PostgreSQL supports initialization with .sh, .sql and .sql.gz files.

$ kubedb create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubedb/cli/0.8.0/docs/examples/postgres/initialization/script-postgres.yaml
postgres "script-postgres" created
$ kubedb describe pg -n demo script-postgres -S=false -W=false
Name:           script-postgres
Namespace:      demo
StartTimestamp: Thu, 08 Feb 2018 15:55:11 +0600
Status:         Running
Init:
  scriptSource:
    Type:       GitRepo (a volume that is pulled from git when the pod is created)
    Repository: https://github.com/kubedb/postgres-init-scripts.git
    Directory:  .
Volume:
  StorageClass: standard
  Capacity:     50Mi
  Access Modes: RWO
StatefulSet:    script-postgres
Service:        script-postgres, script-postgres-replicas
Secrets:        script-postgres-auth

Topology:
  Type      Pod                 StartTime                       Phase
  ----      ---                 ---------                       -----
  primary   script-postgres-0   2018-02-08 15:55:29 +0600 +06   Running

No Snapshots.

Events:
  FirstSeen   LastSeen   Count     From                Type       Reason       Message
  ---------   --------   -----     ----                --------   ------       -------
  4m          4m         1         Postgres operator   Normal     Successful   Successfully patched StatefulSet
  4m          4m         1         Postgres operator   Normal     Successful   Successfully patched Postgres
  4m          4m         1         Postgres operator   Normal     Successful   Successfully created StatefulSet
  4m          4m         1         Postgres operator   Normal     Successful   Successfully created Postgres
  5m          5m         1         Postgres operator   Normal     Successful   Successfully created Service
  5m          5m         1         Postgres operator   Normal     Successful   Successfully created Service

Now lets connect to our Postgres script-postgres using pgAdmin we have installed in quickstart tutorial.

Connection information:

  • address: use Service script-postgres.demo
  • port: 5432
  • database: postgres
  • username: postgres

Run following command to get postgres superuser password

$ kubectl get secrets -n demo script-postgres-auth -o jsonpath='{.data.\POSTGRES_PASSWORD}' | base64 -d

In PostgreSQL, run following query to check pg_catalog.pg_tables to confirm initialization.

select * from pg_catalog.pg_tables where schemaname = 'data';
schemanametablenametableownerhasindexeshasruleshastriggersrowsecurity
datadashboardpostgrestfff

We can see TABLE dashboard in data Schema which is created for initialization.

Cleaning up

To cleanup the Kubernetes resources created by this tutorial, run:

$ kubectl patch -n demo pg/script-postgres -p '{"spec":{"doNotPause":false}}' --type="merge"
$ kubectl delete -n demo pg/script-postgres

$ kubectl patch -n demo drmn/script-postgres -p '{"spec":{"wipeOut":true}}' --type="merge"
$ kubectl delete -n demo drmn/script-postgres

$ kubectl delete ns demo

Next Steps