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Elasticsearch Topology

KubeDB Elasticsearch supports multi-node database cluster.

Before You Begin

At first, you need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using minikube.

Now, install KubeDB cli on your workstation and KubeDB operator in your cluster following the steps here.

To keep things isolated, this tutorial uses a separate namespace called demo throughout this tutorial.

$ kubectl create ns demo
namespace "demo" created

$ kubectl get ns demo
NAME    STATUS  AGE
demo    Active  5s

Note: Yaml files used in this tutorial are stored in docs/examples/elasticsearch folder in GitHub repository kubedb/cli.

Create multi-node Elasticsearch

Elasticsearch can be created with multiple nodes. If you want to create an Elasticsearch cluster with three nodes, you need to set spec.replicas to 3. In this case, all of these three nodes will act as master, data and client.

Check following Elasticsearch object

apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: Elasticsearch
metadata:
  name: multi-node-es
  namespace: demo
spec:
  version: "6.3-v1"
  replicas: 3
  storageType: Durable
  storage:
    storageClassName: "standard"
    accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
    resources:
      requests:
        storage: 50Mi

Here,

spec.replicas is the number of nodes in the Elasticsearch cluster. Here, we are creating a three node Elasticsearch cluster.

Note: If spec.topology is set, you won’t able to spec.replicas. KubeDB will reject the create request for Elasticsearch crd from validating webhook.

Create example above with following command

$ kubectl create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubedb/cli/0.9.0/docs/examples/elasticsearch/clustering/multi-node-es.yaml
elasticsearch.kubedb.com/multi-node-es created

Let’s describe Elasticsearch object multi-node-es while Running

$ kubedb describe es -n demo multi-node-es
Name:               multi-node-es
Namespace:          demo
CreationTimestamp:  Fri, 05 Oct 2018 12:51:43 +0600
Labels:             <none>
Annotations:        kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration={"apiVersion":"kubedb.com/v1alpha1","kind":"Elasticsearch","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"multi-node-es","namespace":"demo"},"spec":{"replicas":3...
Status:             Running
Replicas:           3  total
  StorageType:      Durable
Volume:
  StorageClass:  standard
  Capacity:      50Mi
  Access Modes:  RWO

StatefulSet:          
  Name:               multi-node-es
  CreationTimestamp:  Fri, 05 Oct 2018 12:51:45 +0600
  Labels:               kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch
                        kubedb.com/name=multi-node-es
                        node.role.client=set
                        node.role.data=set
                        node.role.master=set
  Annotations:        <none>
  Replicas:           824639906344 desired | 3 total
  Pods Status:        3 Running / 0 Waiting / 0 Succeeded / 0 Failed

Service:        
  Name:         multi-node-es
  Labels:         kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch
                  kubedb.com/name=multi-node-es
  Annotations:  <none>
  Type:         ClusterIP
  IP:           10.101.96.68
  Port:         http  9200/TCP
  TargetPort:   http/TCP
  Endpoints:    192.168.1.18:9200,192.168.1.19:9200,192.168.1.20:9200

Service:        
  Name:         multi-node-es-master
  Labels:         kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch
                  kubedb.com/name=multi-node-es
  Annotations:  <none>
  Type:         ClusterIP
  IP:           10.103.195.123
  Port:         transport  9300/TCP
  TargetPort:   transport/TCP
  Endpoints:    192.168.1.18:9300,192.168.1.19:9300,192.168.1.20:9300

Database Secret:
  Name:         multi-node-es-auth
  Labels:         kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch
                  kubedb.com/name=multi-node-es
  Annotations:  <none>
  
Type:  Opaque
  
Data
====
  ADMIN_USERNAME:         5 bytes
  READALL_USERNAME:       7 bytes
  sg_action_groups.yml:   430 bytes
  sg_roles.yml:           312 bytes
  ADMIN_PASSWORD:         8 bytes
  READALL_PASSWORD:       8 bytes
  sg_config.yml:          242 bytes
  sg_internal_users.yml:  156 bytes
  sg_roles_mapping.yml:   73 bytes

Certificate Secret:
  Name:         multi-node-es-cert
  Labels:         kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch
                  kubedb.com/name=multi-node-es
  Annotations:  <none>
  
Type:  Opaque
  
Data
====
  key_pass:     6 bytes
  node.jks:     3009 bytes
  root.jks:     864 bytes
  sgadmin.jks:  3010 bytes

Topology:
  Type                Pod              StartTime                      Phase
  ----                ---              ---------                      -----
  master|client|data  multi-node-es-0  2018-10-05 12:51:46 +0600 +06  Running
  client|data|master  multi-node-es-1  2018-10-05 12:52:03 +0600 +06  Running
  master|client|data  multi-node-es-2  2018-10-05 12:52:33 +0600 +06  Running

No Snapshots.

Events:
  Type    Reason      Age   From                    Message
  ----    ------      ----  ----                    -------
  Normal  Successful  4m    Elasticsearch operator  Successfully created Service
  Normal  Successful  4m    Elasticsearch operator  Successfully created Service
  Normal  Successful  2m    Elasticsearch operator  Successfully created StatefulSet
  Normal  Successful  2m    Elasticsearch operator  Successfully created Elasticsearch
  Normal  Successful  2m    Elasticsearch operator  Successfully patched StatefulSet
  Normal  Successful  1m    Elasticsearch operator  Successfully patched Elasticsearch
  Normal  Successful  1m    Elasticsearch operator  Successfully patched StatefulSet
  Normal  Successful  1m    Elasticsearch operator  Successfully patched Elasticsearch

Here, we can see in Topology section that all three Pods are acting as master, data and client.

Create Elasticsearch with dedicated node

If you want to use separate node for master, data and client role, you need to configure spec.topology field of Elasticsearch crd.

In this tutorial, we will create following Elasticsearch with topology

apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: Elasticsearch
metadata:
  name: topology-es
  namespace: demo
spec:
  version: "6.3-v1"
  storageType: Durable
  topology:
    master:
      prefix: master
      replicas: 1
      storage:
        storageClassName: "standard"
        accessModes:
        - ReadWriteOnce
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 1Gi
    data:
      prefix: data
      replicas: 2
      storage:
        storageClassName: "standard"
        accessModes:
        - ReadWriteOnce
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 1Gi
    client:
      prefix: client
      replicas: 2
      storage:
        storageClassName: "standard"
        accessModes:
        - ReadWriteOnce
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 50Mi

Here,

spec.topology point to the number of pods we want as dedicated master, client and data nodes and also specify prefix, storage, resources for the pods.

Let’s create this Elasticsearch object

$ kubectl create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubedb/cli/0.9.0/docs/examples/elasticsearch/clustering/topology-es.yaml
elasticsearch.kubedb.com/topology-es created

When this object is created, Elasticsearch database has started with 5 pods under 3 different StatefulSets.

$ kubectl get statefulset -n demo --show-labels --selector="kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch,kubedb.com/name=topology-es"
NAME                 DESIRED   CURRENT   AGE       LABELS
client-topology-es   2         2         1m        kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch,kubedb.com/name=topology-es,node.role.client=set
data-topology-es     2         2         48s       kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch,kubedb.com/name=topology-es,node.role.data=set
master-topology-es   1         1         1m        kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch,kubedb.com/name=topology-es,node.role.master=set

Three StatefulSets are created for client, data and master node respectively.

client-topology-es

spec:
  topology:
    client:
      prefix: client
      replicas: 2
      storage:
        storageClassName: "standard"
        accessModes:
        - ReadWriteOnce
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 50Mi

This configuration creates a StatefulSet named client-topology-es for client node

spec.replicas is set to 2. Two dedicated nodes is created as client.
Label node.role.client: set is added in Pods
Each Pod will receive a single PersistentVolume with a StorageClass of standard and 50Mi of provisioned storage.

data-topology-es

spec:
  topology:
    data:
      prefix: data
      replicas: 2
      storage:
        storageClassName: "standard"
        accessModes:
        - ReadWriteOnce
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 1Gi

This configuration creates a StatefulSet named data-topology-es for data node.

spec.replicas is set to 2. Two dedicated nodes is created for data.
Label node.role.data: set is added in Pods
Each Pod will receive a single PersistentVolume with a StorageClass of standard and 1 Gib of provisioned storage.

master-topology-es

spec:
  topology:
    master:
      prefix: master
      replicas: 1
      storage:
        storageClassName: "standard"
        accessModes:
        - ReadWriteOnce
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 1Gi

This configuration creates a StatefulSet named data-topology-es for master node

spec.replicas is set to 1. One dedicated node is created as master.
Label node.role.master: set is added in Pods
Each Pod will receive a single PersistentVolume with a StorageClass of standard and 1Gi of provisioned storage.

Note: StatefulSet name format: {topology-prefix}-{elasticsearch-name}

Let’s describe this Elasticsearch

$ kubedb describe es -n demo topology-es
Name:               topology-es
Namespace:          demo
CreationTimestamp:  Fri, 05 Oct 2018 14:40:24 +0600
Labels:             <none>
Annotations:        kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration={"apiVersion":"kubedb.com/v1alpha1","kind":"Elasticsearch","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"topology-es","namespace":"demo"},"spec":{"storageType":...
Status:             Creating
  StorageType:      Durable
No volumes.

StatefulSet:          
  Name:               client-topology-es
  CreationTimestamp:  Fri, 05 Oct 2018 14:40:26 +0600
  Labels:               kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch
                        kubedb.com/name=topology-es
                        node.role.client=set
  Annotations:        <none>
  Replicas:           824640231228 desired | 2 total
  Pods Status:        2 Running / 0 Waiting / 0 Succeeded / 0 Failed

StatefulSet:          
  Name:               data-topology-es
  CreationTimestamp:  Fri, 05 Oct 2018 14:41:21 +0600
  Labels:               kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch
                        kubedb.com/name=topology-es
                        node.role.data=set
  Annotations:        <none>
  Replicas:           824640232652 desired | 2 total
  Pods Status:        2 Running / 0 Waiting / 0 Succeeded / 0 Failed

StatefulSet:          
  Name:               master-topology-es
  CreationTimestamp:  Fri, 05 Oct 2018 14:41:00 +0600
  Labels:               kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch
                        kubedb.com/name=topology-es
                        node.role.master=set
  Annotations:        <none>
  Replicas:           824641372604 desired | 1 total
  Pods Status:        1 Running / 0 Waiting / 0 Succeeded / 0 Failed

Service:        
  Name:         topology-es
  Labels:         kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch
                  kubedb.com/name=topology-es
  Annotations:  <none>
  Type:         ClusterIP
  IP:           10.98.164.122
  Port:         http  9200/TCP
  TargetPort:   http/TCP
  Endpoints:    192.168.1.26:9200,192.168.1.27:9200

Service:        
  Name:         topology-es-master
  Labels:         kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch
                  kubedb.com/name=topology-es
  Annotations:  <none>
  Type:         ClusterIP
  IP:           10.111.168.40
  Port:         transport  9300/TCP
  TargetPort:   transport/TCP
  Endpoints:    192.168.1.28:9300

Database Secret:
  Name:         topology-es-auth
  Labels:         kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch
                  kubedb.com/name=topology-es
  Annotations:  <none>
  
Type:  Opaque
  
Data
====
  ADMIN_USERNAME:         5 bytes
  READALL_PASSWORD:       8 bytes
  sg_internal_users.yml:  156 bytes
  ADMIN_PASSWORD:         8 bytes
  READALL_USERNAME:       7 bytes
  sg_action_groups.yml:   430 bytes
  sg_config.yml:          242 bytes
  sg_roles.yml:           312 bytes
  sg_roles_mapping.yml:   73 bytes

Certificate Secret:
  Name:         topology-es-cert
  Labels:         kubedb.com/kind=Elasticsearch
                  kubedb.com/name=topology-es
  Annotations:  <none>
  
Type:  Opaque
  
Data
====
  key_pass:     6 bytes
  node.jks:     3008 bytes
  root.jks:     864 bytes
  sgadmin.jks:  3010 bytes

Topology:
  Type    Pod                   StartTime                      Phase
  ----    ---                   ---------                      -----
  client  client-topology-es-0  2018-10-05 14:40:27 +0600 +06  Running
  client  client-topology-es-1  2018-10-05 14:40:44 +0600 +06  Running
  data    data-topology-es-0    2018-10-05 14:41:22 +0600 +06  Running
  data    data-topology-es-1    2018-10-05 14:41:49 +0600 +06  Running
  master  master-topology-es-0  2018-10-05 14:41:01 +0600 +06  Running

No Snapshots.

Events:
  Type    Reason      Age   From                    Message
  ----    ------      ----  ----                    -------
  Normal  Successful  2m    Elasticsearch operator  Successfully created Service
  Normal  Successful  2m    Elasticsearch operator  Successfully created Service
  Normal  Successful  1m    Elasticsearch operator  Successfully created StatefulSet
  Normal  Successful  1m    Elasticsearch operator  Successfully created StatefulSet
  Normal  Successful  18s   Elasticsearch operator  Successfully created StatefulSet

Here, we can see from Topology section that 2 pods working as client, 2 pods working as data and 1 pod working as master.

Two services are also created for this Elasticsearch object.

Service quick-elasticsearch targets all Pods which are acting as client node
Service quick-elasticsearch-master targets all Pods which are acting as master node

Cleaning up

To cleanup the Kubernetes resources created by this tutorial, run:

$ kubectl patch -n demo es/multi-node-es es/topology-es -p '{"spec":{"terminationPolicy": "WipeOut"}}' --type="merge"
$ kubectl delete -n demo es/multi-node-es es/topology-es

$ kubectl delete ns demo

Next Steps

Learn about taking instant backup of Elasticsearch database using KubeDB.
Learn how to schedule backup of Elasticsearch database.
Learn about initializing Elasticsearch with Snapshot.
Monitor your Elasticsearch database with KubeDB using out-of-the-box builtin-Prometheus.
Monitor your Elasticsearch database with KubeDB using out-of-the-box CoreOS Prometheus Operator.
Detail concepts of Elasticsearch object.
Detail concepts of Snapshot object.
Use private Docker registry to deploy Elasticsearch with KubeDB.
Want to hack on KubeDB? Check our contribution guidelines.

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