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Database Scheduled Snapshots

This tutorial will show you how to use KubeDB to take scheduled snapshot of a MongoDB database.

Before You Begin

  • At first, you need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using Minikube.

  • Now, install KubeDB cli on your workstation and KubeDB operator in your cluster following the steps here.

  • StorageClass is required to run KubeDB. Check the available StorageClass in cluster.

  • To keep things isolated, this tutorial uses a separate namespace called demo throughout this tutorial. Run the following command to prepare your cluster for this tutorial:

    $ kubectl create ns demo
    namespace "demo" created
    
    $ kubectl get ns
    NAME          STATUS    AGE
    demo          Active    1m
    

Note: The yaml files used in this tutorial are stored in docs/examples/mongodb folder in GitHub repository kubedb/cli.

Scheduled Backups

KubeDB supports taking periodic backups for a database using a cron expression. KubeDB operator will launch a Job periodically that runs the mongodump command and uploads the output bson file to various cloud providers S3, GCS, Azure, OpenStack Swift and/or locally mounted volumes using osm.

In this tutorial, snapshots will be stored in a Google Cloud Storage (GCS) bucket. To do so, a secret is needed that has the following 2 keys:

KeyDescription
GOOGLE_PROJECT_IDRequired. Google Cloud project ID
GOOGLE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_JSON_KEYRequired. Google Cloud service account json key
$ echo -n '<your-project-id>' > GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID
$ mv downloaded-sa-json.key > GOOGLE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_JSON_KEY
$ kubectl create secret generic mg-snap-secret -n demo \
    --from-file=./GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID \
    --from-file=./GOOGLE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_JSON_KEY
secret "mg-snap-secret" created
$ kubectl get secret mg-snap-secret -n demo -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
data:
  GOOGLE_PROJECT_ID: PHlvdXItcHJvamVjdC1pZD4=
  GOOGLE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_JSON_KEY: ewogICJ0eXBlIjogInNlcnZpY2VfYWNjb3V...9tIgp9Cg==
kind: Secret
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: 2018-02-02T10:02:09Z
  name: mg-snap-secret
  namespace: demo
  resourceVersion: "48679"
  selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/demo/secrets/mg-snap-secret
  uid: 220a7c60-0800-11e8-946f-080027c05a6e
type: Opaque

To learn how to configure other storage destinations for Snapshots, please visit here. Now, create the MongoDB object with scheduled snapshot.

apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: MongoDB
metadata:
  name: mgo-scheduled
  namespace: demo
spec:
  version: "3.4-v1"
  storage:
    storageClassName: "standard"
    accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
    resources:
      requests:
        storage: 50Mi
  backupSchedule:
    cronExpression: "@every 1m"
    storageSecretName: mg-snap-secret
    gcs:
      bucket: kubedb
$ kubedb create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubedb/cli/0.9.0/docs/examples/mongodb/snapshot/demo-4.yaml
mongodb.kubedb.com/mgo-scheduled created

It is also possible to add backup scheduler to an existing MongoDB. You just have to edit the MongoDB CRD and add below spec:

$ kubedb edit mg {db-name} -n demo
spec:
  backupSchedule:
    cronExpression: '@every 1m'
    gcs:
      bucket: kubedb
    storageSecretName: mg-snap-secret

Once the spec.backupSchedule is added, KubeDB operator will create a new Snapshot object on each tick of the cron expression. This triggers KubeDB operator to create a Job as it would for any regular instant backup process. You can see the snapshots as they are created using kubedb get snap command.

$ kubedb get snap -n demo
NAME                            DATABASENAME    STATUS      AGE
mgo-scheduled-20180924-112630   mgo-scheduled   Succeeded   3m
mgo-scheduled-20180924-112741   mgo-scheduled   Succeeded   2m
mgo-scheduled-20180924-112841   mgo-scheduled   Succeeded   1m
mgo-scheduled-20180924-112941   mgo-scheduled   Running     8s

you should see the output of the mongodump command for each snapshot stored in the GCS bucket.

snapshot-console

From the above image, you can see that the snapshot output is stored in a folder called {bucket}/kubedb/{namespace}/{mongodb-object}/{snapshot}/.

Remove Scheduler

To remove scheduler, edit the MongoDB object to remove spec.backupSchedule section.

$ kubedb edit mg mgo-scheduled -n demo
apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: MongoDB
metadata:
  name: mgo-scheduled
  namespace: demo
  ...
spec:
# backupSchedule:
#   cronExpression: '@every 1m'
#   gcs:
#     bucket: kubedb
#   storageSecretName: mg-snap-secret
  databaseSecret:
    secretName: mgo-scheduled-auth
  storage:
    accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
    resources:
      requests:
        storage: 50Mi
    storageClassName: standard
  version: 3.4
status:
  creationTime: 2018-02-02T10:46:18Z
  phase: Running

Cleaning up

To cleanup the Kubernetes resources created by this tutorial, run:

kubectl patch -n demo mg/mgo-scheduled -p '{"spec":{"terminationPolicy":"WipeOut"}}' --type="merge"
kubectl delete -n demo mg/mgo-scheduled

kubectl patch -n demo drmn/mgo-scheduled -p '{"spec":{"wipeOut":true}}' --type="merge"
kubectl delete -n demo drmn/mgo-scheduled

kubectl delete ns demo

Next Steps