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Vertical Scale MySQL Standalone

This guide will show you how to use KubeDB enterprise operator to update the resources of a standalone.

Before You Begin

  • At first, you need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using kind.

  • Install KubeDB community and enterprise operator in your cluster following the steps here.

  • You should be familiar with the following KubeDB concepts:

To keep everything isolated, we are going to use a separate namespace called demo throughout this tutorial.

$ kubectl create ns demo
namespace/demo created

Note: YAML files used in this tutorial are stored in docs/examples/mysql directory of kubedb/docs repository.

Apply Vertical Scaling on Standalone

Here, we are going to deploy a MySQL standalone using a supported version by KubeDB operator. Then we are going to apply vertical scaling on it.

Prepare Group Replication

At first, we are going to deploy a standalone using supported MySQL version. Then, we are going to update the resources of the database server through vertical scaling.

Find supported MySQL Version:

When you have installed KubeDB, it has created MySQLVersion CR for all supported MySQL versions. Let’s check the supported MySQL versions,

$ kubectl get mysqlversion
NAME        VERSION   DB_IMAGE                 DEPRECATED   AGE
5           5         kubedb/mysql:5           true         149m
5-v1        5         kubedb/mysql:5-v1        true         149m
5.7         5.7       kubedb/mysql:5.7         true         149m
5.7-v1      5.7       kubedb/mysql:5.7-v1      true         149m
5.7-v2      5.7.25    kubedb/mysql:5.7-v2      true         149m
5.7-v3      5.7.25    kubedb/mysql:5.7.25      true         149m
5.7-v4      5.7.29    kubedb/mysql:5.7.29      true         149m
5.7.25      5.7.25    kubedb/mysql:5.7.25      true         149m
5.7.25-v1   5.7.25    kubedb/mysql:5.7.25-v1                149m
5.7.29      5.7.29    kubedb/mysql:5.7.29                   149m
5.7.31      5.7.31    kubedb/mysql:5.7.31                   149m
8           8         kubedb/mysql:8           true         149m
8-v1        8         kubedb/mysql:8-v1        true         149m
8.0         8.0       kubedb/mysql:8.0         true         149m
8.0-v1      8.0.3     kubedb/mysql:8.0-v1      true         149m
8.0-v2      8.0.14    kubedb/mysql:8.0-v2      true         149m
8.0-v3      8.0.20    kubedb/mysql:8.0.20      true         149m
8.0.14      8.0.14    kubedb/mysql:8.0.14      true         149m
8.0.14-v1   8.0.14    kubedb/mysql:8.0.14-v1                149m
8.0.20      8.0.20    kubedb/mysql:8.0.20                   149m
8.0.21      8.0.21    kubedb/mysql:8.0.21                   149m
8.0.3       8.0.3     kubedb/mysql:8.0.3       true         149m
8.0.3-v1    8.0.3     kubedb/mysql:8.0.3-v1                 149m

The version above that does not show DEPRECATED true is supported by KubeDB for MySQL. You can use any non-deprecated version. Here, we are going to create a standalone using non-deprecated MySQL version 8.0.20.

Deploy MySQL Standalone:

In this section, we are going to deploy a MySQL standalone. Then, in the next section, we will update the resources of the database server using vertical scaling. Below is the YAML of the MySQL cr that we are going to create,

apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha2
kind: MySQL
metadata:
  name: my-standalone
  namespace: demo
spec:
  version: "8.0.20"
  storageType: Durable
  storage:
    storageClassName: "standard"
    accessModes:
      - ReadWriteOnce
    resources:
      requests:
        storage: 1Gi
  terminationPolicy: WipeOut

Let’s create the MySQL cr we have shown above,

$ kubectl create -f https://github.com/kubedb/docs/raw/v2020.11.12/docs/examples/day-2-operations/verticalscaling/standalone.yaml
mysql.kubedb.com/my-standalone created

Check Standalone Ready to Scale:

KubeDB operator watches for MySQL objects using Kubernetes API. When a MySQL object is created, KubeDB operator will create a new StatefulSet, Services, and Secrets, etc. Now, watch MySQL is going to Running state and also watch StatefulSet and its pod is created and going to Running state,

$ watch -n 3 kubectl get my -n demo my-standalone
Every 3.0s: kubectl get my -n demo my-standalone                 suaas-appscode: Wed Jul  1 17:48:14 2020

NAME            VERSION   STATUS    AGE
my-standalone   8.0.20    Running   2m58s

$ watch -n 3 kubectl get sts -n demo my-standalone
Every 3.0s: kubectl get sts -n demo my-standalone                suaas-appscode: Wed Jul  1 17:48:52 2020

NAME            READY   AGE
my-standalone   1/1     3m36s

$ watch -n 3 kubectl get pod -n demo my-standalone-0
Every 3.0s: kubectl get pod -n demo my-standalone-0              suaas-appscode: Wed Jul  1 17:50:18 2020

NAME              READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
my-standalone-0   1/1     Running   0          5m1s

Let’s check the above Pod containers resources,

$ kubectl get pod -n demo my-standalone-0 -o json | jq '.spec.containers[].resources'
{}

You can see the Pod has empty resources that mean the scheduler will choose a random node to place the container of the Pod on by default

We are ready to apply a horizontal scale on this standalone database.

Vertical Scaling

Here, we are going to update the resources of the standalone to meet up with the desired resources after scaling.

Create MySQLOpsRequest:

In order to update the resources of your database, you have to create a MySQLOpsRequest cr with your desired resources after scaling. Below is the YAML of the MySQLOpsRequest cr that we are going to create,

apiVersion: ops.kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: MySQLOpsRequest
metadata:
  name: my-scale-standalone
  namespace: demo
spec:
  type: VerticalScaling  
  databaseRef:
    name: my-standalone
  verticalScaling:
    mysql:
      requests:
        memory: "200Mi"
        cpu: "0.1"
      limits:
        memory: "300Mi"
        cpu: "0.2"

Here,

  • spec.databaseRef.name specifies that we are performing operation on my-group MySQL database.
  • spec.type specifies that we are performing VerticalScaling on our database.
  • spec.VerticalScaling.mysql specifies the expected mysql container resources after scaling.

Let’s create the MySQLOpsRequest cr we have shown above,

$ kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubedb/docs/raw/v2020.11.12/docs/examples/day-2operations/vertical_scale_standalone.yaml
mysqlopsrequest.ops.kubedb.com/my-scale-standalone created

Verify MySQL Standalone resources updated successfully:

If everything goes well, KubeDB enterprise operator will update the resources of the StatefulSet’s Pod containers. After a successful scaling process is done, the KubeDB enterprise operator updates the resources of the MySQL object.

First, we will wait for MySQLOpsRequest to be successful. Run the following command to watch MySQlOpsRequest cr,

$ watch -n 3 kubectl get myops -n demo my-scale-standalone
Every 3.0s: kubectl get myops -n demo my-sc...  suaas-appscode: Wed Aug 12 17:21:42 2020

NAME                  TYPE              STATUS       AGE
my-scale-standalone   VerticalScaling   Successful   2m15s

We can see from the above output that the MySQLOpsRequest has succeeded. If we describe the MySQLOpsRequest, we shall see that the standalone resources are updated.

$ kubectl describe myops -n demo my-scale-standalone
Name:         my-scale-standalone
Namespace:    demo
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  API Version:  ops.kubedb.com/v1alpha1
Kind:         MySQLOpsRequest
Metadata:
  Creation Timestamp:  2020-08-12T11:19:27Z
  Finalizers:
    mysql.ops.kubedb.com
  Generation:  2
  ...
  Resource Version:  2359
  Self Link:         /apis/ops.kubedb.com/v1alpha1/namespaces/demo/mysqlopsrequests/my-scale-standalone
  UID:               b85c9b47-9557-405d-b891-2f7bc1010db3
Spec:
  Database Ref:
    Name:                my-standalone
  Stateful Set Ordinal:  0
  Type:                  VerticalScaling
  Vertical Scaling:
    Mysql:
      Limits:
        Cpu:     0.2
        Memory:  300Mi
      Requests:
        Cpu:     0.1
        Memory:  200Mi
Status:
  Conditions:
    Last Transition Time:  2020-08-12T11:19:27Z
    Message:               Controller has started to Progress the MySQLOpsRequest: demo/my-scale-standalone
    Observed Generation:   1
    Reason:                OpsRequestProgressingStarted
    Status:                True
    Type:                  Progressing
    Last Transition Time:  2020-08-12T11:19:27Z
    Message:               Controller has successfully Halted the MySQL database: demo/my-standalone 
    Observed Generation:   1
    Reason:                SuccessfullyHaltedDatabase
    Status:                True
    Type:                  HaltDatabase
    Last Transition Time:  2020-08-12T11:19:27Z
    Message:               Vertical scaling started in MySQL: demo/my-standalone for MySQLOpsRequest: my-scale-standalone
    Observed Generation:   1
    Reason:                VerticalScalingStarted
    Status:                True
    Type:                  Scaling
    Last Transition Time:  2020-08-12T11:21:27Z
    Message:               Vertical scaling performed successfully in MySQL: demo/my-standalone for MySQLOpsRequest: my-scale-standalone
    Observed Generation:   1
    Reason:                SuccessfullyPerformedVerticalScaling
    Status:                True
    Type:                  VerticalScaling
    Last Transition Time:  2020-08-12T11:21:27Z
    Message:               Controller has successfully Resumed the MySQL database: demo/my-standalone
    Observed Generation:   2
    Reason:                SuccessfullyResumedDatabase
    Status:                True
    Type:                  ResumeDatabase
    Last Transition Time:  2020-08-12T11:21:27Z
    Message:               Controller has successfully scaled/upgraded the MySQL demo/my-scale-standalone
    Observed Generation:   2
    Reason:                OpsRequestProcessedSuccessfully
    Status:                True
    Type:                  Successful
  Observed Generation:     2
  Phase:                   Successful
Events:
  Type    Reason      Age    From                        Message
  ----    ------      ----   ----                        -------
  Normal  Starting    2m44s  KubeDB Enterprise Operator  Start processing for MySQLOpsRequest: demo/my-scale-standalone
  Normal  Starting    2m44s  KubeDB Enterprise Operator  Pausing MySQL databse: demo/my-standalone
  Normal  Successful  2m44s  KubeDB Enterprise Operator  Successfully halted MySQL database: demo/my-standalone for MySQLOpsRequest: my-scale-standalone
  Normal  Starting    2m44s  KubeDB Enterprise Operator  Vertical scaling started in MySQL: demo/my-standalone for MySQLOpsRequest: my-scale-standalone
  Normal  Successful  64s    KubeDB Enterprise Operator  Image successfully upgraded for standalone/master: demo/my-standalone-0
  Normal  Successful  44s    KubeDB Enterprise Operator  Vertical scaling performed successfully in MySQL: demo/my-standalone for MySQLOpsRequest: my-scale-standalone
  Normal  Successful  44s    KubeDB Enterprise Operator  Image successfully upgraded for standalone/master: demo/my-standalone-0
  Normal  Starting    44s    KubeDB Enterprise Operator  Resuming MySQL database: demo/my-standalone
  Normal  Successful  44s    KubeDB Enterprise Operator  Successfully resumed MySQL database: demo/my-standalone
  Normal  Successful  44s    KubeDB Enterprise Operator  Controller has Successfully scaled the MySQL database: demo/my-standalone

Now, we are going to verify whether the resources of the standalone has updated to meet up the desired state, Let’s check,

$ kubectl get pod -n demo my-standalone-0 -o json | jq '.spec.containers[].resources'
{
  "limits": {
    "cpu": "200m",
    "memory": "300Mi"
  },
  "requests": {
    "cpu": "100m",
    "memory": "200Mi"
  }
}

The above output verifies that we have successfully scaled up the resources of the standalone.

Cleaning Up

To clean up the Kubernetes resources created by this tutorial, run:

kubectl delete my -n demo my-standalone
kubectl delete myops -n demo  my-scale-standalone