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Here we’ll discuss some concepts about MariaDB Galera Cluster.
Replication means data being copied from one MariaDB server to one or more other MariaDB servers, instead of only stored in one server. One can read or write in any server of the cluster. The following figure shows a cluster of four MariaDB servers:
Image ref: https://mariadb.com/kb/en/what-is-mariadb-galera-cluster/+image/galera_small
MariaDB Galera Cluster is a virtually synchronous multi-master cluster for MariaDB. The Server replicates a transaction at commit time by broadcasting the write set associated with the transaction to every node in the cluster. The client connects directly to the DBMS and experiences behavior that is similar to native MariaDB in most cases. The wsrep API (write set replication API) defines the interface between Galera replication and MariaDB.
Ref: What is MariaDB Galera Cluster?
There are some limitations in MariaDB Galera Cluster that are listed here.