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Upgrade major version of MySQL Group Replication
This guide will show you how to use KubeDB enterprise operator to upgrade the major version of MySQL Group Replication.
Before You Begin
At first, you need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the
kubectlcommand-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using kind.Install
KubeDBcommunity and enterprise operator in your cluster following the steps here.You should be familiar with the following
KubeDBconcepts:
To keep everything isolated, we are going to use a separate namespace called demo throughout this tutorial.
$ kubectl create ns demo
namespace/demo created
Note: YAML files used in this tutorial are stored in docs/guides/mysql/upgrading/majorversion/group-replication/yamls directory of kubedb/docs repository.
Apply Version Upgrading on Group Replication
Here, we are going to deploy a MySQL group replication using a supported version by KubeDB operator. Then we are going to apply upgrading on it.
Prepare Group Replication
At first, we are going to deploy a group replication using supported that MySQL version whether it is possible to upgrade from this version to another. In the next two sections, we are going to find out the supported version and version upgrade constraints.
Find supported MySQL Version:
When you have installed KubeDB, it has created MySQLVersion CR for all supported MySQL versions. Let’s check the supported MySQL versions,
$ kubectl get mysqlversion
NAME VERSION DB_IMAGE DEPRECATED AGE
5.7.25-v2 5.7.25 kubedb/mysql:5.7.25-v2 3h55m
5.7.36 5.7.29 kubedb/mysql:5.7.36 3h55m
5.7.36 5.7.31 kubedb/mysql:5.7.36 3h55m
5.7.36 5.7.33 kubedb/mysql:5.7.36 3h55m
8.0.14-v2 8.0.14 kubedb/mysql:8.0.14-v2 3h55m
8.0.20-v1 8.0.20 kubedb/mysql:8.0.20-v1 3h55m
8.0.27 8.0.21 kubedb/mysql:8.0.27 3h55m
8.0.27 8.0.23 kubedb/mysql:8.0.27 3h55m
8.0.3-v2 8.0.3 kubedb/mysql:8.0.3-v2 3h55m
The version above that does not show DEPRECATED true is supported by KubeDB for MySQL. You can use any non-deprecated version. Now, we are going to select a non-deprecated version from MySQLVersion for MySQL group replication that will be possible to upgrade from this version to another version. In the next section, we are going to verify version upgrade constraints.
Check Upgrade Constraints:
Database version upgrade constraints is a constraint that shows whether it is possible or not possible to upgrade from one version to another. Let’s check the version upgrade constraints of MySQL 5.7.36,
$ kubectl get mysqlversion 5.7.36 -o yaml | kubectl neat
apiVersion: catalog.kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: MySQLVersion
metadata:
annotations:
meta.helm.sh/release-name: kubedb-catalog
meta.helm.sh/release-namespace: kube-system
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/instance: kubedb-catalog
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
app.kubernetes.io/name: kubedb-catalog
app.kubernetes.io/version: v0.16.2
helm.sh/chart: kubedb-catalog-v0.16.2
name: 5.7.36
spec:
db:
image: kubedb/mysql:5.7.36
distribution: Oracle
exporter:
image: kubedb/mysqld-exporter:v0.11.0
initContainer:
image: kubedb/toybox:0.8.4
podSecurityPolicies:
databasePolicyName: mysql-db
replicationModeDetector:
image: kubedb/replication-mode-detector:v0.3.2
stash:
addon:
backupTask:
name: mysql-backup-5.7.25-v7
restoreTask:
name: mysql-restore-5.7.25-v7
upgradeConstraints:
denylist:
groupReplication:
- < 5.7.31
standalone:
- < 5.7.31
version: 5.7.31
The above spec.upgradeConstraints.denylist of 5.7.36 is showing that upgrading below version of 5.7.36 is not possible for both group replication and standalone. That means, it is possible to upgrade any version above 5.7.36. Here, we are going to create a MySQL Group Replication using MySQL 5.7.36. Then we are going to upgrade this version to 8.0.27.
Deploy MySQL Group Replication:
In this section, we are going to deploy a MySQL group replication with 3 members. Then, in the next section we will upgrade the version of the members using upgrading. Below is the YAML of the MySQL cr that we are going to create,
apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha2
kind: MySQL
metadata:
name: my-group
namespace: demo
spec:
version: "5.7.36"
replicas: 3
topology:
mode: GroupReplication
group:
name: "dc002fc3-c412-4d18-b1d4-66c1fbfbbc9b"
storageType: Durable
storage:
storageClassName: "standard"
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 1Gi
terminationPolicy: WipeOut
Let’s create the MySQL cr we have shown above,
$ kubectl create -f https://github.com/kubedb/docs/raw/v2022.03.28/docs/guides/mysql/upgrading/majorversion/group-replication/yamls/group_replication.yaml
mysql.kubedb.com/my-group created
Wait for the cluster to be ready:
KubeDB operator watches for MySQL objects using Kubernetes API. When a MySQL object is created, KubeDB operator will create a new StatefulSet, Services, and Secrets, etc. A secret called my-group-auth (format: {mysql-object-name}-auth) will be created storing the password for mysql superuser.
Now, watch MySQL is going to Running state and also watch StatefulSet and its pod is created and going to Running state,
$ watch -n 3 kubectl get my -n demo my-group
Every 3.0s: kubectl get my -n demo my-group suaas-appscode: Thu Jun 18 14:30:24 2020
NAME VERSION STATUS AGE
my-group 5.7.36 Running 5m52s
$ watch -n 3 kubectl get sts -n demo my-group
Every 3.0s: kubectl get sts -n demo my-group suaas-appscode: Thu Jun 18 14:31:44 2020
NAME READY AGE
my-group 3/3 7m12s
$ watch -n 3 kubectl get pod -n demo -l app.kubernetes.io/name=mysqls.kubedb.com,app.kubernetes.io/instance=my-group
Every 3.0s: kubectl get pod -n demo -l app.kubernetes.io/name=mysqls.kubedb.com... suaas-appscode: Thu Jun 18 14:35:35 2020
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
my-group-0 2/2 Running 0 11m
my-group-1 2/2 Running 0 9m53s
my-group-2 2/2 Running 0 6m48s
Let’s verify the MySQL, the StatefulSet and its Pod image version,
$ kubectl get my -n demo my-group -o=jsonpath='{.spec.version}{"\n"}'
5.7.36
$ kubectl get sts -n demo -l app.kubernetes.io/name=mysqls.kubedb.com,app.kubernetes.io/instance=my-group -o json | jq '.items[].spec.template.spec.containers[1].image'
"kubedb/mysql:5.7.36"
$ kubectl get pod -n demo -l app.kubernetes.io/name=mysqls.kubedb.com,app.kubernetes.io/instance=my-group -o json | jq '.items[].spec.containers[1].image'
"kubedb/mysql:5.7.36"
"kubedb/mysql:5.7.36"
"kubedb/mysql:5.7.36"
Let’s also verify that the StatefulSet’s pods have joined into a group replication,
$ kubectl get secrets -n demo my-group-auth -o jsonpath='{.data.\username}' | base64 -d
root
$ kubectl get secrets -n demo my-group-auth -o jsonpath='{.data.\password}' | base64 -d
sWfUMoqRpOJyomgb
$ kubectl exec -it -n demo my-group-0 -c mysql -- mysql -u root --password=OUta0G6QnyBuKmi0 --host=my-group-0.my-group-gvr.demo -e "select * from performance_schema.replication_group_members"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------------------+-------------+--------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME | MEMBER_ID | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------------------+-------------+--------------+
| group_replication_applier | 0f29bc2e-dc76-11ea-b66f-02f24f164817 | my-group-1.my-group-gvr.demo | 3306 | ONLINE |
| group_replication_applier | 3741c056-dc76-11ea-ac3e-120989b9c9d5 | my-group-2.my-group-gvr.demo | 3306 | ONLINE |
| group_replication_applier | e2ba6b64-dc75-11ea-93e3-f60ec5bc86b8 | my-group-0.my-group-gvr.demo | 3306 | ONLINE |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+------------------------------+-------------+--------------+
We are ready to apply upgrading on this MySQL group replication.
Upgrade
Here, we are going to upgrade the MySQL group replication from 5.7.36 to 8.0.27.
Create MySQLOpsRequest:
To upgrade your database cluster, you have to create a MySQLOpsRequest cr with your desired version that supported by KubeDB. Below is the YAML of the MySQLOpsRequest cr that we are going to create,
apiVersion: ops.kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: MySQLOpsRequest
metadata:
name: my-upgrade-major-group
namespace: demo
spec:
type: Upgrade
databaseRef:
name: my-group
upgrade:
targetVersion: "8.0.27"
Here,
spec.databaseRef.namespecifies that we are performing operation onmy-groupMySQL database.spec.typespecifies that we are going to performUpgradeon our database.spec.upgrade.targetVersionspecifies expected version8.0.27after upgrading.
Let’s create the MySQLOpsRequest cr we have shown above,
$ kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubedb/docs/raw/v2022.03.28/docs/guides/mysql/upgrading/majorversion/group-replication/yamls/upgrade_major_version_group.yaml
mysqlopsrequest.ops.kubedb.com/my-upgrade-major-group created
Note: During the upgradation of the major version of MySQL group replication, a new StatefulSet is created by the KubeDB enterprise operator and the old one is deleted. The name of the newly created StatefulSet is formed as follows:
<mysql-name>-<suffix>. Here,<suffix>is a positive integer number and starts with 1. It’s determined as follows: For one-time major version upgrading of group replication, the suffix will be 1. For the 2nd time major version upgrading of group replication, the suffix will be 2. It will be continued…
Verify MySQL version upgraded successfully:
If everything goes well, KubeDB enterprise operator will create a new StatefulSet named my-group-1 with the desire updated version and delete the old one.
At first, we will wait for MySQLOpsRequest to be successful. Run the following command to watch MySQlOpsRequest cr,
$ watch -n 3 kubectl get myops -n demo my-upgrade-major-group
Every 3.0s: kubectl get myops -n demo my-upgrade-major-group suaas-appscode: Sat Jul 25 21:41:39 2020
NAME TYPE STATUS AGE
my-upgrade-major-group Upgrade Successful 5m26s
You can see from the above output that the MySQLOpsRequest has succeeded. If we describe the MySQLOpsRequest, we shall see that the MySQL group replication is updated with new images and the StatefulSet is created with a new image.
$ kubectl describe myops -n demo my-upgrade-major-group
Name: my-upgrade-major-group
Namespace: demo
Labels: <none>
Annotations: <none>
API Version: ops.kubedb.com/v1alpha1
Kind: MySQLOpsRequest
Metadata:
Creation Timestamp: 2021-03-10T08:50:47Z
Generation: 3
Manager: kubedb-enterprise
Operation: Update
Time: 2021-03-10T08:54:07Z
Resource Version: 1058663
Self Link: /apis/ops.kubedb.com/v1alpha1/namespaces/demo/mysqlopsrequests/my-upgrade-major-group
UID: a1bc17f3-5537-4d15-a60a-5b4b73744637
Spec:
Database Ref:
Name: my-group
Stateful Set Ordinal: 1
Type: Upgrade
Upgrade:
Target Version: 8.0.27
Status:
Conditions:
Last Transition Time: 2021-03-10T08:50:47Z
Message: Controller has started to Progress the MySQLOpsRequest: demo/my-upgrade-major-group
Observed Generation: 2
Reason: OpsRequestProgressingStarted
Status: True
Type: Progressing
Last Transition Time: 2021-03-10T08:50:47Z
Message: MySQL version UpgradeFunc stated for MySQLOpsRequest: demo/my-upgrade-major-group
Observed Generation: 2
Reason: DatabaseVersionUpgradingStarted
Status: True
Type: Upgrading
Last Transition Time: 2021-03-10T08:54:07Z
Message: Image successfully updated in MySQL: demo/my-group for MySQLOpsRequest: my-upgrade-major-group
Observed Generation: 2
Reason: SuccessfullyUpgradedDatabaseVersion
Status: True
Type: UpgradeVersion
Last Transition Time: 2021-03-10T08:54:07Z
Message: Controller has successfully upgraded the MySQL demo/my-upgrade-major-group
Observed Generation: 3
Reason: OpsRequestProcessedSuccessfully
Status: True
Type: Successful
Observed Generation: 3
Phase: Successful
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Starting 3m23s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Start processing for MySQLOpsRequest: demo/my-upgrade-major-group
Normal Starting 3m23s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Pausing MySQL databse: demo/my-group
Normal Successful 3m23s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Successfully paused MySQL database: demo/my-group for MySQLOpsRequest: my-upgrade-major-group
Normal Starting 3m23s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Upgrading MySQL images: demo/my-group for MySQLOpsRequest: my-upgrade-major-group
Normal Successful 2m18s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Joning new node with upgraded image: demo/my-group-1-0
Normal Successful 88s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Joning new node with upgraded image: demo/my-group-1-1
Normal Successful 28s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Joning new node with upgraded image: demo/my-group-1-2
Normal Successful 3s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Joning new node with upgraded image: demo/my-group-1-2
Normal Successful 3s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Image successfully updated in MySQL: demo/my-group for MySQLOpsRequest: my-upgrade-major-group
Normal Starting 3s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Resuming MySQL database: demo/my-group
Normal Successful 3s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Successfully resumed MySQL database: demo/my-group
Normal Successful 3s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Controller has Successfully upgraded the version of MySQL : demo/my-group
Now, we are going to verify whether the MySQL and StatefulSet and it’s Pod have updated with new image. Let’s check,
$ kubectl get my -n demo my-group -o=jsonpath='{.spec.version}{"\n"}'
8.0.27
$ kubectl get sts -n demo -l app.kubernetes.io/name=mysqls.kubedb.com,app.kubernetes.io/instance=my-group -o json | jq '.items[].spec.template.spec.containers[1].image'
"kubedb/mysql:8.0.27"
$ kubectl get pod -n demo -l app.kubernetes.io/name=mysqls.kubedb.com,app.kubernetes.io/instance=my-group -o json | jq '.items[].spec.containers[1].image'
"kubedb/mysql:8.0.27"
"kubedb/mysql:8.0.27"
"kubedb/mysql:8.0.27"
Let’s also check the StatefulSet pods have joined the MySQL group replication,
$ kubectl get secrets -n demo my-group-auth -o jsonpath='{.data.\username}' | base64 -d
root
$ kubectl get secrets -n demo my-group-auth -o jsonpath='{.data.\password}' | base64 -d
sWfUMoqRpOJyomgb
$ kubectl exec -it -n demo my-group-1-0 -c mysql -- mysql -u root --password=OUta0G6QnyBuKmi0 --host=my-group-1-0.my-group-gvr.demo -e "select * from performance_schema.replication_group_members"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME | MEMBER_ID | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
| group_replication_applier | 16a6270a-dc80-11ea-b911-1e3c8e142114 | my-group-1-2.my-group-gvr.demo | 3306 | ONLINE | SECONDARY | 8.0.21 |
| group_replication_applier | 6e0709ba-dc7f-11ea-9fb1-aaa4bd57b6ff | my-group-1-0.my-group-gvr.demo | 3306 | ONLINE | PRIMARY | 8.0.21 |
| group_replication_applier | ca40ac85-dc7f-11ea-9ff0-3621cd123c11 | my-group-1-1.my-group-gvr.demo | 3306 | ONLINE | SECONDARY | 8.0.21 |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
You can see above that our MySQL group replication now has updated members. It verifies that we have successfully upgraded our cluster.
Cleaning Up
To clean up the Kubernetes resources created by this tutorial, run:
kubectl delete my -n demo my-group
kubectl delete myops -n demo my-upgrade-major-group