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Upgrade major version of MySQL Standalone
This guide will show you how to use KubeDB enterprise operator to upgrade the major version of MySQL standalone.
Before You Begin
At first, you need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the
kubectlcommand-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using kind.Install
KubeDBcommunity and enterprise operator in your cluster following the steps here.You should be familiar with the following
KubeDBconcepts:
To keep everything isolated, we are going to use a separate namespace called demo throughout this tutorial.
$ kubectl create ns demo
namespace/demo created
Note: YAML files used in this tutorial are stored in docs/guides/mysql/upgrading/majorversion/standalone/yamls directory of kubedb/docs repository.
Apply Version Upgrading on Standalone
Here, we are going to deploy a MySQL standalone using a supported version by KubeDB operator. Then we are going to apply upgrading on it.
Prepare Standalone
At first, we are going to deploy a standalone using supported that MySQL version whether it is possible to upgrade from this version to another. In the next two sections, we are going to find out the supported version and version upgrade constraints.
Find supported MySQLVersion:
When you have installed KubeDB, it has created MySQLVersion CR for all supported MySQL versions. Let’s check support versions,
$ kubectl get mysqlversion
NAME VERSION DISTRIBUTION DB_IMAGE DEPRECATED AGE
5.7.35-v1 5.7.35 Official mysql:5.7.35 13d
5.7.36 5.7.36 Official mysql:5.7.36 13d
8.0.17 8.0.17 Official mysql:8.0.17 13d
8.0.27 8.0.27 Official mysql:8.0.27 13d
8.0.27-innodb 8.0.27 MySQL mysql/mysql-server:8.0.27 13d
8.0.29 8.0.29 Official mysql:8.0.29 13d
8.0.3-v4 8.0.3 Official mysql:8.0.3 13d
The version above that does not show DEPRECATED true is supported by KubeDB for MySQL. You can use any non-deprecated version. Now, we are going to select a non-deprecated version from MySQLVersion for MySQL standalone that will be possible to upgrade from this version to another version. In the next section, we are going to verify version upgrade constraints.
Check Upgrade Constraints:
Database version upgrade constraints is a constraint that shows whether it is possible or not possible to upgrade from one version to another. Let’s check the version upgrade constraints of MySQL 5.7.36,
$ kubectl get mysqlversion 5.7.36 -o yaml | kubectl neat
apiVersion: catalog.kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: MySQLVersion
metadata:
annotations:
meta.helm.sh/release-name: kubedb-catalog
meta.helm.sh/release-namespace: kubedb
creationTimestamp: "2022-06-16T13:52:58Z"
generation: 1
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/instance: kubedb-catalog
app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Helm
app.kubernetes.io/name: kubedb-catalog
app.kubernetes.io/version: v2022.03.28
helm.sh/chart: kubedb-catalog-v2022.03.28
name: 5.7.36
resourceVersion: "1092465"
uid: 4cc87fc8-efd7-4e69-bb12-4454a2b1bf06
spec:
coordinator:
image: kubedb/mysql-coordinator:v0.5.0
db:
image: mysql:5.7.36
distribution: Official
exporter:
image: kubedb/mysqld-exporter:v0.13.1
initContainer:
image: kubedb/mysql-init:5.7-v2
podSecurityPolicies:
databasePolicyName: mysql-db
replicationModeDetector:
image: kubedb/replication-mode-detector:v0.13.0
stash:
addon:
backupTask:
name: mysql-backup-5.7.25
restoreTask:
name: mysql-restore-5.7.25
upgradeConstraints:
denylist:
groupReplication:
- < 5.7.36
standalone:
- < 5.7.36
version: 5.7.36
The above spec.upgradeConstraints.denylist is showing that upgrading below version of 5.7.36 is not possible for both standalone and group replication. That means, it is possible to upgrade any version above 5.7.36. Here, we are going to create a MySQL standalone using MySQL 5.7.36. Then we are going to upgrade this version to 8.0.29.
Deploy MySQL standalone:
In this section, we are going to deploy a MySQL standalone. Then, in the next section, we will upgrade the version of the database using upgrading. Below is the YAML of the MySQL cr that we are going to create,
apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha2
kind: MySQL
metadata:
name: my-standalone
namespace: demo
spec:
version: "5.7.36"
storageType: Durable
storage:
storageClassName: "standard"
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 1Gi
terminationPolicy: WipeOut
Let’s create the MySQL cr we have shown above,
$ kubectl create -f https://github.com/kubedb/docs/raw/v2023.01.17/docs/guides/mysql/upgrading/majorversion/standalone/yamls/standalone.yaml
mysql.kubedb.com/my-standalone created
Wait for the database to be ready:
KubeDB operator watches for MySQL objects using Kubernetes API. When a MySQL object is created, KubeDB operator will create a new StatefulSet, Services, and Secrets, etc. A secret called my-standalone-auth (format: {mysql-object-name}-auth) will be created storing the password for mysql superuser.
Now, watch MySQL is going to Running state and also watch StatefulSet and its pod is created and going to Running state,
$ watch -n 3 kubectl get my -n demo my-standalone
NAME VERSION STATUS AGE
my-standalone 5.7.36 Running 3m
$ watch -n 3 kubectl get sts -n demo my-standalone
NAME READY AGE
my-standalone 1/1 3m42s
$ watch -n 3 kubectl get pod -n demo my-standalone-0
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
my-standalone-0 1/1 Running 0 5m23s
Let’s verify the MySQL, the StatefulSet and its Pod image version,
$ kubectl get my -n demo my-standalone -o=jsonpath='{.spec.version}{"\n"}'
5.7.36
$ kubectl get sts -n demo my-standalone -o=jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[0].image}{"\n"}'
kubedb/my:5.7.36
$ kubectl get pod -n demo my-standalone-0 -o=jsonpath='{.spec.containers[0].image}{"\n"}'
kubedb/my:5.7.36
We are ready to apply upgrading on this MySQL standalone.
Upgrade
Here, we are going to upgrade MySQL standalone from 5.7.36 to 8.0.29.
Create MySQLOpsRequest:
To upgrade the standalone, you have to create a MySQLOpsRequest cr with your desired version that supported by KubeDB. Below is the YAML of the MySQLOpsRequest cr that we are going to create,
apiVersion: ops.kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: MySQLOpsRequest
metadata:
name: my-upgrade-major-standalone
namespace: demo
spec:
databaseRef:
name: my-standalone
type: UpdateVersion
upgrade:
targetVersion: "8.0.29"
Here,
spec.databaseRef.namespecifies that we are performing operation onmy-groupMySQL database.spec.typespecifies that we are going to performUpgradeon our database.spec.upgrade.targetVersionspecifies expected version8.0.29after upgrading.
Let’s create the MySQLOpsRequest cr we have shown above,
$ kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubedb/docs/raw/v2023.01.17/docs/guides/mysql/upgrading/majorversion/standalone/yamls/upgrade_major_version_standalone.yaml
mysqlopsrequest.ops.kubedb.com/my-upgrade-major-standalone created
Verify MySQL version upgraded successfully:
If everything goes well, KubeDB enterprise operator will update the image of MySQL, StatefulSet, and its Pod.
At first, we will wait for MySQLOpsRequest to be successful. Run the following command to watch MySQlOpsRequest cr,
$ watch -n 3 kubectl get myops -n demo my-upgrade-major-standalone
NAME TYPE STATUS AGE
my-upgrade-major-standalone Upgrade Successful 3m57s
We can see from the above output that the MySQLOpsRequest has succeeded. If we describe the MySQLOpsRequest, we shall see that the MySQL, StatefulSet, and its Pod have updated with a new image.
$ kubectl describe myops -n demo my-upgrade-major-standalone
Name: my-upgrade-major-standalone
Namespace: demo
Labels: <none>
Annotations: <none>
API Version: ops.kubedb.com/v1alpha1
Kind: MySQLOpsRequest
Metadata:
Creation Timestamp: 2022-06-30T07:55:16Z
Manager: kubedb-ops-manager
Operation: Update
Time: 2022-06-30T07:55:16Z
Resource Version: 1708721
UID: 460319fc-8dc4-45d7-8958-fa84e24d5f51
Spec:
Database Ref:
Name: my-standalone
Type: Upgrade
Upgrade:
Target Version: 8.0.29
Status:
Conditions:
Last Transition Time: 2022-06-30T07:55:16Z
Message: Controller has started to Progress the MySQLOpsRequest: demo/my-upgrade-major-standalone
Observed Generation: 1
Reason: OpsRequestProgressingStarted
Status: True
Type: Progressing
Last Transition Time: 2022-06-30T07:55:16Z
Message: MySQL version UpgradeFunc stated for MySQLOpsRequest: demo/my-upgrade-major-standalone
Observed Generation: 1
Reason: DatabaseVersionUpgradingStarted
Status: True
Type: Upgrading
Last Transition Time: 2022-06-30T07:59:16Z
Message: Image successfully updated in MySQL: demo/my-standalone for MySQLOpsRequest: my-upgrade-major-standalone
Observed Generation: 1
Reason: SuccessfullyUpgradedDatabaseVersion
Status: True
Type: UpgradeVersion
Last Transition Time: 2022-06-30T07:59:16Z
Message: Controller has successfully upgraded the MySQL demo/my-upgrade-major-standalone
Observed Generation: 1
Reason: OpsRequestProcessedSuccessfully
Status: True
Type: Successful
Observed Generation: 3
Phase: Successful
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Starting 8m47s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Start processing for MySQLOpsRequest: demo/my-upgrade-major-standalone
Normal Starting 8m47s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Pausing MySQL databse: demo/my-standalone
Normal Successful 8m47s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Successfully paused MySQL database: demo/my-standalone for MySQLOpsRequest: my-upgrade-major-standalone
Normal Starting 6m2s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Restarting Pod: my-standalone-0/demo
Normal Successful 4m47s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Image successfully updated in MySQL: demo/my-standalone for MySQLOpsRequest: my-upgrade-major-standalone
Normal Starting 4m47s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Resuming MySQL database: demo/my-standalone
Normal Successful 4m47s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Successfully resumed MySQL database: demo/my-standalone
Normal Successful 4m47s KubeDB Enterprise Operator Controller has Successfully upgraded the version of MySQL : demo/my-standalone
Now, we are going to verify whether the MySQL, StatefulSet and it’s Pod have updated with new image. Let’s check,
$ kubectl get my -n demo my-standalone -o=jsonpath='{.spec.version}{"\n"}'
8.0.29
$ kubectl get sts -n demo my-standalone -o=jsonpath='{.spec.template.spec.containers[0].image}{"\n"}'
mysql:8.0.29
$ kubectl get pod -n demo my-standalone-0 -o=jsonpath='{.spec.containers[0].image}{"\n"}'
mysql:8.0.29
You can see above that our MySQLstandalone has been updated with the new version. It verifies that we have successfully upgraded our standalone.
Cleaning Up
To clean up the Kubernetes resources created by this tutorial, run:
kubectl delete my -n demo my-standalone
kubectl delete myops -n demo my-upgrade-major-standalone