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Vertical Scale SQL Server Availability Group (HA Cluster)
This guide will show you how to use kubeDB-Ops-Manager to update the resources of a SQL Server Availability Group Cluster.
Before You Begin
You need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using kind.
Now, install KubeDB cli on your workstation and KubeDB operator in your cluster following the steps here. Make sure install with helm command including
--set global.featureGates.MSSQLServer=trueto ensure MSSQLServer CRD installation.To configure TLS/SSL in
MSSQLServer,KubeDBusescert-managerto issue certificates. So first you have to make sure that the cluster hascert-managerinstalled. To installcert-managerin your cluster following steps here.You should be familiar with the following
KubeDBconcepts:
To keep everything isolated, we are going to use a separate namespace called demo throughout this tutorial.
$ kubectl create ns demo
namespace/demo created
Note: YAML files used in this tutorial are stored in docs/examples/mssqlserver/scaling/vertical-scaling directory of kubedb/doc repository.
Apply Vertical Scaling on MSSQLServer Availability Group Cluster
Here, we are going to deploy a MSSQLServer instance using a supported version by KubeDB operator. Then we are going to apply vertical scaling on it.
Find supported MSSQLServer Version:
When you have installed KubeDB, it has created MSSQLServerVersion CR for all supported MSSQLServer versions. Let’s check the supported MSSQLServer versions,
$ kubectl get mssqlserverversion
NAME VERSION DB_IMAGE DEPRECATED AGE
2022-cu12 2022 mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2022-CU12-ubuntu-22.04 3d21h
2022-cu14 2022 mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:2022-CU14-ubuntu-22.04 3d21h
The version above that does not show DEPRECATED true is supported by KubeDB for MSSQLServer. You can use any non-deprecated version. Here, we are going to create a mssqlserver using non-deprecated MSSQLServer version 2022-cu12.
At first, we need to create an Issuer/ClusterIssuer which will be used to generate the certificate used for TLS configurations.
Create Issuer/ClusterIssuer
Now, we are going to create an example Issuer that will be used throughout the duration of this tutorial. Alternatively, you can follow this cert-manager tutorial to create your own Issuer. By following the below steps, we are going to create our desired issuer,
- Start off by generating our ca-certificates using openssl,
openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout ./ca.key -out ./ca.crt -subj "/CN=MSSQLServer/O=kubedb"
- Create a secret using the certificate files we have just generated,
$ kubectl create secret tls mssqlserver-ca --cert=ca.crt --key=ca.key --namespace=demo
secret/mssqlserver-ca created
Now, we are going to create an Issuer using the mssqlserver-ca secret that contains the ca-certificate we have just created. Below is the YAML of the Issuer CR that we are going to create,
apiVersion: cert-manager.io/v1
kind: Issuer
metadata:
name: mssqlserver-ca-issuer
namespace: demo
spec:
ca:
secretName: mssqlserver-ca
Deploy MSSQLServer Availability Group Cluster:
In this section, we are going to deploy a MSSQLServer instance. Then, in the next section, we will update the resources of the database server using vertical scaling.
Below is the YAML of the MSSQLServer CR that we are going to create,
apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha2
kind: MSSQLServer
metadata:
name: mssql-ag-cluster
namespace: demo
spec:
version: "2022-cu12"
replicas: 3
topology:
mode: AvailabilityGroup
availabilityGroup:
databases:
- agdb1
- agdb2
tls:
issuerRef:
name: mssqlserver-ca-issuer
kind: Issuer
apiGroup: "cert-manager.io"
clientTLS: false
podTemplate:
spec:
containers:
- name: mssql
env:
- name: ACCEPT_EULA
value: "Y"
- name: MSSQL_PID
value: Evaluation # Change it
resources:
requests:
cpu: "500m"
memory: "1.5Gi"
limits:
cpu: 1
memory: "2Gi"
storageType: Durable
storage:
storageClassName: "standard"
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 1Gi
deletionPolicy: WipeOut
Let’s create the MSSQLServer CR we have shown above,
$ kubectl create -f https://github.com/kubedb/docs/raw/v2024.11.18/docs/examples/mssqlserver/scaling/vertical-scaling/mssql-ag-cluster.yaml
mssqlserver.kubedb.com/mssql-ag-cluster created
Check mssqlserver Ready to Scale:
KubeDB watches for MSSQLServer objects using Kubernetes API. When a MSSQLServer object is created, KubeDB will create a new PetSet, Services, and Secrets, etc.
Now, watch MSSQLServer is going to be in Running state and also watch PetSet and its pod is created and going to be in Running state,
$ watch kubectl get ms,petset,pods -n demo
Every 2.0s: kubectl get ms,petset,pods -n demo
NAME VERSION STATUS AGE
mssqlserver.kubedb.com/mssql-ag-cluster 2022-cu12 Ready 4m40s
NAME AGE
petset.apps.k8s.appscode.com/mssql-ag-cluster 3m57s
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/mssql-ag-cluster-0 2/2 Running 0 3m57s
pod/mssql-ag-cluster-1 2/2 Running 0 3m51s
pod/mssql-ag-cluster-2 2/2 Running 0 3m46s
Let’s check pod’s mssql container’s resources, mssql container is the first container So it’s index will be 0.
$ kubectl get pod -n demo mssql-ag-cluster-0 -o json | jq '.spec.containers[0].resources'
{
"limits": {
"cpu": "1",
"memory": "2Gi"
},
"requests": {
"cpu": "500m",
"memory": "1536Mi"
}
}
$ kubectl get pod -n demo mssql-ag-cluster-1 -o json | jq '.spec.containers[0].resources'
{
"limits": {
"cpu": "1",
"memory": "2Gi"
},
"requests": {
"cpu": "500m",
"memory": "1536Mi"
}
}
$ kubectl get pod -n demo mssql-ag-cluster-2 -o json | jq '.spec.containers[0].resources'
{
"limits": {
"cpu": "1",
"memory": "2Gi"
},
"requests": {
"cpu": "500m",
"memory": "1536Mi"
}
}
Now, We are ready to apply a vertical scale on this mssqlserver database.
Vertical Scaling
Here, we are going to update the resources of the mssqlserver to meet up with the desired resources after scaling.
Create MSSQLServerOpsRequest:
In order to update the resources of your database, you have to create a MSSQLServerOpsRequest CR with your desired resources for scaling. Below is the YAML of the MSSQLServerOpsRequest CR that we are going to create,
apiVersion: ops.kubedb.com/v1alpha1
kind: MSSQLServerOpsRequest
metadata:
name: mops-vscale-ag-cluster
namespace: demo
spec:
type: VerticalScaling
databaseRef:
name: mssql-ag-cluster
verticalScaling:
mssqlserver:
resources:
requests:
memory: "1.7Gi"
cpu: "700m"
limits:
cpu: 2
memory: "4Gi"
Here,
spec.databaseRef.namespecifies that we are performing operation onmssql-ag-clusterdatabase.spec.typespecifies that we are performingVerticalScalingon our database.spec.VerticalScaling.mssqlserverspecifies the expectedmssqlcontainer resources after scaling.
Let’s create the MSSQLServerOpsRequest CR we have shown above,
$ kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubedb/docs/raw/v2024.11.18/docs/examples/mssqlserver/scaling/vertical-scaling/mops-vscale-ag-cluster.yaml
mssqlserveropsrequest.ops.kubedb.com/mops-vscale-ag-cluster created
Verify MSSQLServer resources updated successfully:
If everything goes well, KubeDB-Ops-Manager will update the resources of the PetSet’s Pod containers. After a successful scaling process is done, the KubeDB-Ops-Manager updates the resources of the MSSQLServer object.
First, we will wait for MSSQLServerOpsRequest to be successful. Run the following command to watch MSSQLServerOpsRequest CR,
$ watch kubectl get mssqlserveropsrequest -n demo mops-vscale-ag-cluster
Every 2.0s: kubectl get mssqlserveropsrequest -n demo mops-vscale-ag-cluster
NAME TYPE STATUS AGE
mops-vscale-ag-cluster VerticalScaling Successful 7m17s
We can see from the above output that the MSSQLServerOpsRequest has succeeded. If we describe the MSSQLServerOpsRequest, we will see that the mssqlserver resources are updated.
$ kubectl describe mssqlserveropsrequest -n demo mops-vscale-ag-cluster
Name: mops-vscale-ag-cluster
Namespace: demo
Labels: <none>
Annotations: <none>
API Version: ops.kubedb.com/v1alpha1
Kind: MSSQLServerOpsRequest
Metadata:
Creation Timestamp: 2024-10-24T14:13:05Z
Generation: 1
Resource Version: 747632
UID: ed3c5cbc-e74e-46ba-b243-143a6007ac36
Spec:
Apply: IfReady
Database Ref:
Name: mssql-ag-cluster
Type: VerticalScaling
Vertical Scaling:
Mssqlserver:
Resources:
Limits:
Cpu: 2
Memory: 4Gi
Requests:
Cpu: 700m
Memory: 1.7Gi
Status:
Conditions:
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:13:05Z
Message: MSSQLServer ops-request has started to vertically scaling the MSSQLServer nodes
Observed Generation: 1
Reason: VerticalScaling
Status: True
Type: VerticalScaling
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:13:08Z
Message: Successfully paused database
Observed Generation: 1
Reason: DatabasePauseSucceeded
Status: True
Type: DatabasePauseSucceeded
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:13:08Z
Message: Successfully updated PetSets Resources
Observed Generation: 1
Reason: UpdatePetSets
Status: True
Type: UpdatePetSets
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:13:13Z
Message: get pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-0
Observed Generation: 1
Status: True
Type: GetPod--mssql-ag-cluster-0
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:13:13Z
Message: evict pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-0
Observed Generation: 1
Status: True
Type: EvictPod--mssql-ag-cluster-0
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:13:48Z
Message: check pod running; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-0
Observed Generation: 1
Status: True
Type: CheckPodRunning--mssql-ag-cluster-0
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:13:53Z
Message: get pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-1
Observed Generation: 1
Status: True
Type: GetPod--mssql-ag-cluster-1
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:13:53Z
Message: evict pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-1
Observed Generation: 1
Status: True
Type: EvictPod--mssql-ag-cluster-1
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:14:28Z
Message: check pod running; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-1
Observed Generation: 1
Status: True
Type: CheckPodRunning--mssql-ag-cluster-1
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:14:33Z
Message: get pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-2
Observed Generation: 1
Status: True
Type: GetPod--mssql-ag-cluster-2
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:14:33Z
Message: evict pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-2
Observed Generation: 1
Status: True
Type: EvictPod--mssql-ag-cluster-2
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:15:08Z
Message: check pod running; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-2
Observed Generation: 1
Status: True
Type: CheckPodRunning--mssql-ag-cluster-2
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:15:13Z
Message: Successfully Restarted Pods With Resources
Observed Generation: 1
Reason: RestartPods
Status: True
Type: RestartPods
Last Transition Time: 2024-10-24T14:15:13Z
Message: Successfully completed the VerticalScaling for MSSQLServer
Observed Generation: 1
Reason: Successful
Status: True
Type: Successful
Observed Generation: 1
Phase: Successful
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Starting 7m46s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator Start processing for MSSQLServerOpsRequest: demo/mops-vscale-ag-cluster
Normal Starting 7m46s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator Pausing MSSQLServer database: demo/mssql-ag-cluster
Normal Successful 7m46s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator Successfully paused MSSQLServer database: demo/mssql-ag-cluster for MSSQLServerOpsRequest: mops-vscale-ag-cluster
Normal UpdatePetSets 7m43s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator Successfully updated PetSets Resources
Warning get pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-0 7m38s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator get pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-0
Warning evict pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-0 7m38s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator evict pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-0
Warning check pod running; ConditionStatus:False; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-0 7m33s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator check pod running; ConditionStatus:False; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-0
Warning check pod running; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-0 7m3s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator check pod running; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-0
Warning get pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-1 6m58s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator get pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-1
Warning evict pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-1 6m58s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator evict pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-1
Warning check pod running; ConditionStatus:False; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-1 6m53s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator check pod running; ConditionStatus:False; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-1
Warning check pod running; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-1 6m23s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator check pod running; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-1
Warning get pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-2 6m18s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator get pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-2
Warning evict pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-2 6m18s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator evict pod; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-2
Warning check pod running; ConditionStatus:False; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-2 6m13s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator check pod running; ConditionStatus:False; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-2
Warning check pod running; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-2 5m43s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator check pod running; ConditionStatus:True; PodName:mssql-ag-cluster-2
Normal RestartPods 5m38s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator Successfully Restarted Pods With Resources
Normal Starting 5m38s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator Resuming MSSQLServer database: demo/mssql-ag-cluster
Normal Successful 5m38s KubeDB Ops-manager Operator Successfully resumed MSSQLServer database: demo/mssql-ag-cluster for MSSQLServerOpsRequest: mops-vscale-ag-cluster
Now, we are going to verify whether the resources of the mssqlserver instance has updated to meet up the desired state, Let’s check,
$ kubectl get pod -n demo mssql-ag-cluster-0 -o json | jq '.spec.containers[0].resources'
{
"limits": {
"cpu": "2",
"memory": "4Gi"
},
"requests": {
"cpu": "700m",
"memory": "1825361100800m"
}
}
$ kubectl get pod -n demo mssql-ag-cluster-1 -o json | jq '.spec.containers[0].resources'
{
"limits": {
"cpu": "2",
"memory": "4Gi"
},
"requests": {
"cpu": "700m",
"memory": "1825361100800m"
}
}
$ kubectl get pod -n demo mssql-ag-cluster-2 -o json | jq '.spec.containers[0].resources'
{
"limits": {
"cpu": "2",
"memory": "4Gi"
},
"requests": {
"cpu": "700m",
"memory": "1825361100800m"
}
}
The above output verifies that we have successfully scaled up the resources of the MSSQLServer.
Cleaning Up
To clean up the Kubernetes resources created by this tutorial, run:
kubectl delete mssqlserver -n demo mssql-ag-cluster
kubectl delete mssqlserveropsrequest -n demo mops-vscale-ag-cluster
kubectl delete issuer -n demo mssqlserver-ca-issuer
kubectl delete secret -n demo mssqlserver-ca
kubectl delete ns demo