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Initialize Redis using Script

This tutorial will show you how to use KubeDB to initialize a Redis database with shell or lua script.

Before You Begin

At first, you need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using kind.
Now, install KubeDB cli on your workstation and KubeDB operator in your cluster following the steps here.
To keep things isolated, this tutorial uses a separate namespace called demo throughout this tutorial.
```
$ kubectl create ns demo
namespace/demo created
```

Note: The yaml files used in this tutorial are stored in docs/examples/redis folder in GitHub repository kubedb/docs.

Prepare Initialization Scripts

Redis supports initialization with .sh and .lua files. In this tutorial, we will use init.sh script to insert data inside kubedb DB.

We will use a ConfigMap as script source. You can use any Kubernetes supported volume as script source.

At first, we will create a ConfigMap from init.sh file. Then, we will provide this ConfigMap as script source in init.script of Redis crd spec.

Let’s create a ConfigMap with initialization script,

$ kubectl create configmap -n demo rd-init-script --from-literal=init.sh="redis-cli set hello world"
configmap/rd-init-script created

Create a Redis database with Init-Script

Below is the Redis object created in this tutorial.

apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha2
kind: Redis
metadata:
  name: rd-init-script
  namespace: demo
spec:
  version: 7.2.3
  disableAuth: false
  storageType: Durable
  init:
    script:
      projected:
        sources:
          - configMap:
              name: redis-init-script
  storage:
    storageClassName: "standard"
    accessModes:
      - ReadWriteOnce
    resources:
      requests:
        storage: 1Gi
  terminationPolicy: WipeOut

$ kubectl create -f https://github.com/kubedb/docs/raw/v2024.9.30/docs/examples/redis/initialization/demo-1.yaml
redis.kubedb.com/rd-init-script created

Here,

spec.init.script specifies a script source used to initialize the database before database server starts. Bash script with .sh extension and lua script with .lua extension are supported.

KubeDB operator watches for Redis objects using Kubernetes api. When a Redis object is created, KubeDB operator will create a new PetSet and a Service with the matching Redis object name. KubeDB operator will also create a governing service for PetSets with the name <redis-crd-name>-gvr, if one is not already present. No Redis specific RBAC roles are required for RBAC enabled clusters.

$ kubectl  describe rd -n demo rd-init-script
Name:         rd-init-script
Namespace:    demo
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  <none>
API Version:  kubedb.com/v1alpha2
Kind:         Redis
Metadata:
  Creation Timestamp:  2024-08-06T05:59:40Z
  Finalizers:
    kubedb.com
  Generation:        3
  Resource Version:  133452
  UID:               ce6268b0-82b8-4ee5-a8fb-a6d2e1550a66
Spec:
  Allowed Schemas:
    Namespaces:
      From:  Same
  Auth Secret:
    Name:  rd-init-script-auth
  Auto Ops:
  Coordinator:
    Resources:
  Health Checker:
    Failure Threshold:  1
    Period Seconds:     10
    Timeout Seconds:    10
  Init:
    Initialized:  true
    Script:
      Projected:
        Sources:
          Config Map:
            Name:  redis-init-script
  Mode:            Standalone
  Pod Template:
    Controller:
    Metadata:
    Spec:
      Affinity:
        Pod Anti Affinity:
          Preferred During Scheduling Ignored During Execution:
            Pod Affinity Term:
              Label Selector:
                Match Labels:
                  app.kubernetes.io/instance:    rd-init-script
                  app.kubernetes.io/managed-by:  kubedb.com
                  app.kubernetes.io/name:        redises.kubedb.com
              Namespaces:
                demo
              Topology Key:  kubernetes.io/hostname
            Weight:          100
            Pod Affinity Term:
              Label Selector:
                Match Labels:
                  app.kubernetes.io/instance:    rd-init-script
                  app.kubernetes.io/managed-by:  kubedb.com
                  app.kubernetes.io/name:        redises.kubedb.com
              Namespaces:
                demo
              Topology Key:  failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone
            Weight:          50
      Container Security Context:
        Allow Privilege Escalation:  false
        Capabilities:
          Drop:
            ALL
        Run As Group:     999
        Run As Non Root:  true
        Run As User:      999
        Seccomp Profile:
          Type:  RuntimeDefault
      Resources:
        Limits:
          Memory:  1Gi
        Requests:
          Cpu:     500m
          Memory:  1Gi
      Security Context:
        Fs Group:            999
      Service Account Name:  rd-init-script
  Replicas:                  1
  Storage:
    Access Modes:
      ReadWriteOnce
    Resources:
      Requests:
        Storage:         1Gi
    Storage Class Name:  standard
  Storage Type:          Durable
  Termination Policy:    WipeOut
  Version:               7.2.3
Status:
  Conditions:
    Last Transition Time:  2024-08-06T05:59:40Z
    Message:               The KubeDB operator has started the provisioning of Redis: demo/rd-init-script
    Reason:                DatabaseProvisioningStartedSuccessfully
    Status:                True
    Type:                  ProvisioningStarted
    Last Transition Time:  2024-08-06T05:59:49Z
    Message:               All desired replicas are ready.
    Reason:                AllReplicasReady
    Status:                True
    Type:                  ReplicaReady
    Last Transition Time:  2024-08-06T06:00:22Z
    Message:               The Redis: demo/rd-init-script is ready.
    Observed Generation:   3
    Reason:                ReadinessCheckSucceeded
    Status:                True
    Type:                  Ready
    Last Transition Time:  2024-08-06T06:00:32Z
    Message:               The Redis: demo/rd-init-script is accepting rdClient requests.
    Observed Generation:   3
    Reason:                DatabaseAcceptingConnectionRequest
    Status:                True
    Type:                  AcceptingConnection
    Last Transition Time:  2024-08-06T06:00:15Z
    Message:               The Redis: demo/rd-init-script is successfully provisioned.
    Observed Generation:   2
    Reason:                DatabaseSuccessfullyProvisioned
    Status:                True
    Type:                  Provisioned
  Observed Generation:     2
  Phase:                   Ready
Events:
  Type    Reason      Age   From             Message
  ----    ------      ----  ----             -------
  Normal  Successful  82s   KubeDB Operator  Successfully created governing service
  Normal  Successful  82s   KubeDB Operator  Successfully created Service
  Normal  Successful  79s   KubeDB Operator  Successfully created appbinding


$ kubectl get petset -n demo
NAME              READY   AGE
rd-init-script   1/1     30s

$ kubectl get pvc -n demo
NAME                    STATUS   VOLUME                                     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
data-rd-init-script-0   Bound    pvc-31dbab22-09af-4eeb-b032-1df287d9e579   1Gi        RWO            standard       2m17s


$ kubectl get pv -n demo
NAME                                       CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS   CLAIM                        STORAGECLASS   REASON   AGE
pvc-31dbab22-09af-4eeb-b032-1df287d9e579   1Gi        RWO            Delete           Bound    demo/data-rd-init-script-0   standard                2m37s


$ kubectl get service -n demo
NAME                  TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)    AGE
rd-init-script        ClusterIP   10.96.3.28   <none>        6379/TCP   3m11s
rd-init-script-pods   ClusterIP   None         <none>        6379/TCP   3m11s

KubeDB operator sets the status.phase to Ready once the database is successfully created. Run the following command to see the modified Redis object:

$ kubectl get rd -n demo rd-init-script -o yaml
apiVersion: kubedb.com/v1alpha2
kind: Redis
metadata:
  annotations:
    kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |
      {"apiVersion":"kubedb.com/v1alpha2","kind":"Redis","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"rd-init-script","namespace":"demo"},"spec":{"disableAuth":false,"init":{"script":{"projected":{"sources":[{"configMap":{"name":"redis-init-script"}}]}}},"storage":{"accessModes":["ReadWriteOnce"],"resources":{"requests":{"storage":"1Gi"}},"storageClassName":"standard"},"storageType":"Durable","terminationPolicy":"WipeOut","version":"7.2.3"}}
  creationTimestamp: "2024-08-06T05:59:40Z"
  finalizers:
  - kubedb.com
  generation: 3
  name: rd-init-script
  namespace: demo
  resourceVersion: "133452"
  uid: ce6268b0-82b8-4ee5-a8fb-a6d2e1550a66
spec:
  allowedSchemas:
    namespaces:
      from: Same
  authSecret:
    name: rd-init-script-auth
  autoOps: {}
  coordinator:
    resources: {}
  healthChecker:
    failureThreshold: 1
    periodSeconds: 10
    timeoutSeconds: 10
  init:
    initialized: true
    script:
      projected:
        sources:
        - configMap:
            name: redis-init-script
  mode: Standalone
  podTemplate:
    controller: {}
    metadata: {}
    spec:
      affinity:
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchLabels:
                  app.kubernetes.io/instance: rd-init-script
                  app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: kubedb.com
                  app.kubernetes.io/name: redises.kubedb.com
              namespaces:
              - demo
              topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname
            weight: 100
          - podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchLabels:
                  app.kubernetes.io/instance: rd-init-script
                  app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: kubedb.com
                  app.kubernetes.io/name: redises.kubedb.com
              namespaces:
              - demo
              topologyKey: failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone
            weight: 50
      containerSecurityContext:
        allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
        capabilities:
          drop:
          - ALL
        runAsGroup: 999
        runAsNonRoot: true
        runAsUser: 999
        seccompProfile:
          type: RuntimeDefault
      resources:
        limits:
          memory: 1Gi
        requests:
          cpu: 500m
          memory: 1Gi
      securityContext:
        fsGroup: 999
      serviceAccountName: rd-init-script
  replicas: 1
  storage:
    accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
    resources:
      requests:
        storage: 1Gi
    storageClassName: standard
  storageType: Durable
  terminationPolicy: WipeOut
  version: 7.2.3
status:
  conditions:
  - lastTransitionTime: "2024-08-06T05:59:40Z"
    message: 'The KubeDB operator has started the provisioning of Redis: demo/rd-init-script'
    reason: DatabaseProvisioningStartedSuccessfully
    status: "True"
    type: ProvisioningStarted
  - lastTransitionTime: "2024-08-06T05:59:49Z"
    message: All desired replicas are ready.
    reason: AllReplicasReady
    status: "True"
    type: ReplicaReady
  - lastTransitionTime: "2024-08-06T06:00:22Z"
    message: 'The Redis: demo/rd-init-script is ready.'
    observedGeneration: 3
    reason: ReadinessCheckSucceeded
    status: "True"
    type: Ready
  - lastTransitionTime: "2024-08-06T06:00:32Z"
    message: 'The Redis: demo/rd-init-script is accepting rdClient requests.'
    observedGeneration: 3
    reason: DatabaseAcceptingConnectionRequest
    status: "True"
    type: AcceptingConnection
  - lastTransitionTime: "2024-08-06T06:00:15Z"
    message: 'The Redis: demo/rd-init-script is successfully provisioned.'
    observedGeneration: 2
    reason: DatabaseSuccessfullyProvisioned
    status: "True"
    type: Provisioned
  observedGeneration: 2
  phase: Ready

Please note that KubeDB operator has created a new Secret called rd-init-script-auth (format: {redis-object-name}-auth) for storing the password for Redis superuser. This secret contains a username key which contains the username for Redis superuser and a password key which contains the password for Redis superuser. If you want to use an existing secret please specify that when creating the Redis object using spec.authSecret.name. While creating this secret manually, make sure the secret contains these two keys containing data username and password.

$ kubectl get secrets -n demo rd-init-script-auth -o yaml
apiVersion: v1
data:
  password: STRMTl9fVjJuaDlsdndhcg==
  username: ZGVmYXVsdA==
kind: Secret
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: "2024-08-06T05:59:40Z"
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/component: database
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: rd-init-script
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: kubedb.com
    app.kubernetes.io/name: redises.kubedb.com
  name: rd-init-script-auth
  namespace: demo
  resourceVersion: "133291"
  uid: ece22594-6c5f-4428-ac0f-5f2d2690785f
type: kubernetes.io/basic-auth

Now, you can connect to this database through redis cli. In this tutorial, we are connecting to the Redis server from inside the pod.

$ kubectl get secrets -n demo rd-init-script-auth -o jsonpath='{.data.\username}' | base64 -d
default

$ kubectl get secrets -n demo rd-init-script-auth -o jsonpath='{.data.\password}' | base64 -d
I4LN__V2nh9lvwar

$ kubectl exec -it rd-init-script-0 -n demo -- bash

Defaulted container "redis" out of: redis, redis-init (init)
redis@rd-init-script-0:/data$ 
redis@rd-init-script-0:/data$ redis-cli get hello
"world"
redis@rd-init-script-0:/data$ exit
exit

As you can see here, the initial script has successfully created a database named kubedb and inserted data into that database successfully.

Cleaning up

To cleanup the Kubernetes resources created by this tutorial, run:

kubectl patch -n demo rd/rd-init-script -p '{"spec":{"deletionPolicy":"WipeOut"}}' --type="merge"
kubectl delete -n demo rd/rd-init-script

kubectl delete ns demo

Next Steps

Backup and Restore Redis databases using KubeStash.
Initialize Redis with Script.
Monitor your Redis database with KubeDB using out-of-the-box Prometheus operator.
Monitor your Redis database with KubeDB using out-of-the-box builtin-Prometheus.
Use private Docker registry to deploy Redis with KubeDB.
Detail concepts of Redis object.
Detail concepts of redisVersion object.
Want to hack on KubeDB? Check our contribution guidelines.

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